Supreme likelihoods of fire disasters in buildings from consulted literatures includes: abnormal rise in temperature, gas leakages from gas cylinders and her accessories, and increasing concentration of smoke from burning materials. On this premise, three respective sensors were saddle with the responsibility of monitoring any anomalies from the aforementioned likelihoods of fire in market shops of which their presence above threshold possess a treat to lives and properties. These sensors are: LM35 for monitoring temperature, MQ5 and MQ7 for monitoring gas and smoke respectively. For LM35, a threshold of 500C was used as a threshold for alarm and for MQ5 and MQ7, a threshold of 1000PPM (Part per Million) was used as the alarm threshold. Each sensor was grafted into four respective modeled market stalls. Threshold for smoke and gas were chosen based on the standard set by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and that of temperature was chosen based on the firing point of most materials that can easily kindle in flames, predominantly found in market stalls as discovered in consulted literatures. Once smoke is detected and its concentration approaches threshold, a fire fighting mechanism which is positioned strategically in the market stall, is triggered automatically to combat the fire generating the smoke. A GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module called SIM 800L is used to send notification as alarm through text message to owners of respective market shops when threshold is being approached. Lastly, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display is used to display the status of all sensors to users. The brain of the whole project control rest on the shoulders of a microcontroller called ATMEGA328p.

Temperature sensor gas sensor microcontroller siren fire fighter and encoder